This podcast is hosted by Dr. Peter Cramer, our LLM & International Admissions Consultant. Dr. Cramer has been working in legal education for over 25 years. He started his law school career at Indiana University Maurer School of Law and later went to Georgetown University Law Center where he served as the Associate Director of the Center for Global Legal English. For nine years prior to joining Spivey Consulting Group, Dr. Cramer worked as the Assistant Dean for Graduate and International Students at Washington University School of Law, where he focused primarily on admissions, course counseling, and instruction.
In this podcast, Dr. Cramer gives an overview of the elements of a successful LLM application, as well as common pitfalls to avoid. You can listen via the YouTube video below, or on SoundCloud or Apple Podcasts.
Hello, I'm Dr. Peter Cramer, and I am a senior consultant for the Spivey Consulting Group and their director of LLM consulting. Before I joined the Spivey Consulting Group, I worked in several major law schools such as Georgetown Law and Washington University in Saint Louis in teaching, administration, and in admissions.
Today, I’d like to talk about what matters most in LLM admissions. I have gone over almost 10,000 applications over the last 14 years, and I can point out what will increase your chances of admission and what you should avoid in the application process.
So let me tell you what matters most to admissions professionals. I will address communication with the law school in a different presentation.
Let’s start with your personal statement. It should exactly be what it says: personal. There is so much other outside information on you from your transcripts, your test scores, and so on, but we want to know who we are going to get as a student — what kind of a person you are — and what it is that makes you passionate about the law. Tell a story, and do not just give us a list of your achievements from your resume. Be genuine — that means be yourself. When you are done, read it out aloud. Ask friends about what they think. Do not worry too much about your English — after all, you are a non-native speaker, and we know this in admissions.
Let’s move on to the statement of purpose. LLM programs often just ask for a statement of purpose and make the personal statement optional. The statement of purpose asks you why you want to study at a specific institution and what it is that makes you the right candidate for this institution. So, do your homework, and find out what programs and courses you’d be interested in, and talk about these and how your previous experience or interest in a specific area of law relates to the program or course at a specific university. Do not write a general and nondescript one-statement-fits-all-schools statement.
How about your CV, your resume? It is an important document for a brief overview of your achievements. This may be one of the first documents the admissions officer reads. Quantify your achievements. Were you number 1 out of 300 in your cohort? What was your GPA? Did you make 2nd place in the moot court competition? Also, admissions officers don’t always know about rankings of foreign law schools and have to look them up, so tell them about the ranking of your law school. Tell them that you interned at the largest law firm in your country. Also, don’t make your document too long. One to two pages maximum. Avoid listing every single achievement you are proud of such as maybe winning 1st place in a badminton contest.
Alright, let's talk about the letter of recommendation. You can say a lot of impressive things about yourself in your statement of purpose, but the letter of recommendation talks about how others who you have worked with see you and how they assess your abilities and skills. It is a very important document, so think of it as early as possible, maybe even before you even finish law school or an internship. The longer away you are from an experience, the harder it will be to get a good letter of recommendation. Will your law professor from a law class four years ago remember what you did? The letter of recommendation should refer to whatever may be necessary to do well in law school. That could be grades, a reference to your outstanding analytical thinking, or a comparison to others in class. The better a recommender knows you, the better your chance for a genuine recommendation. If you can make suggestions to the recommender, don’t just give them your CV; give them a bullet list with some of your achievements. Your recommendation should complement the other documents and not just repeat your achievements.
Now here is some advice on your language proficiency score. Schools have certain requirements as to minimum TOEFL or IELTS. If you are below, still apply, and tell your story in your personal statement or in a letter. If you had an English-speaking class and you did well, ask your professor to write a letter of recommendation commenting on your English. If your TOEFL is low because you are a practicing lawyer who does not have enough time to practice for the test, have a partner or supervisor write a letter of recommendation that says that you are often working with English speaking clients — if you do, that is.
Also, remember that deadlines in LLM programs are often flexible. You may be able to take a new proficiency test very late into the process.
These are just a few tips on maximizing your impact, and I will go into greater detail in the future.
This is Dr. Peter Cramer from the Spivey Consulting Group. I will tell you more about what else you can do to improve your chances to get admitted at your target school in my next podcast. Good luck starting the application process!


In this episode of Status Check with Spivey, Mike is joined by Dr. Milana Hogan, Chief Talent Officer at Sullivan & Cromwell, and Rob Baker, a former law firm hiring committee member and BigLaw attorney, for a conversation about the increasingly front-loaded BigLaw recruiting process and what prospective and current law students should know about navigating it. Rob has held recruiting roles at large, medium, and boutique-sized law firms, while Dr. Hogan has spent nearly two decades at Sullivan & Cromwell working in talent, associate development, and recruiting.
The group discusses how law firm recruiting has shifted earlier over time and the market pressures driving that change (7:41); whether hiring could move even earlier and why first-semester law school grades may serve as a practical stopping point (13:48); whether 0Ls should already be reaching out to firms and how to approach those conversations from a learning rather than a “will you hire me?” posture (17:13); the value of LinkedIn, low-pressure outreach, and building relationships before recruiting formally begins (20:53); and why the current system may create new opportunities for 2Ls and 3Ls who missed out earlier in the process (24:39).
They also discuss how AI is affecting BigLaw work and hiring, including Sullivan & Cromwell’s use of AI as one part of its holistic hiring process (28:34); what can turn hiring partners off in an interview and why trying too hard to demonstrate how smart you are can backfire (31:47); the importance of curiosity, humility, and a willingness to learn from more experienced lawyers (34:45); and why students should take ownership of their careers, seek out opportunities, and practice interviewing before the real thing (37:52).
Related resources: Mike references NALP Executive Director Nikia Gray’s article, The “Cruel” Recruiting Timeline, which examines the history of OCI and the market forces behind the increasingly accelerated law firm recruiting process. He also references a South Park episode parodying Black Friday’s increasingly early start as an analogy for how BigLaw recruiting has continued moving earlier.
You can listen and subscribe to Status Check with Spivey on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube. You can read a full transcript of this episode with timestamps below.


In this episode of Status Check with Spivey, Mike has a conversation with Simone Stolzoff, an author and journalist whose work explores uncertainty, ambition, and our relationship with work. Simone is the author of How to Not Know and The Good Enough Job. His latest book examines why uncertainty feels so uncomfortable and how developing a healthier relationship with not knowing can create opportunities for learning, growth, and possibility.
Simone discusses why our tolerance for uncertainty is declining (1:05), why uncertainty itself is not necessarily the problem (4:42), and why even experts are often poor at predicting the future (7:29). He also explains how applicants can avoid becoming overly attached to one particular school, job, or future by focusing on what they can control, preparing for multiple outcomes, and finding healthy ways to cope with waiting.
Additional topics include the three “certainty traps” of comfort, hubris, and control (10:22), how expertise can make people more vulnerable to overconfidence (14:47), practical ways to build uncertainty tolerance and trust your future self (16:36), why uncertainty can give life meaning and possibility (20:01), how rejection from a dream school or job may ultimately open unexpected doors (27:08), career changes and “unanswered prayers” (29:51), and why your job can be an important part of your life without becoming your entire identity (33:02).
You can listen and subscribe to Status Check with Spivey on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube. You can read a full transcript of this episode with timestamps below.


In this episode of Status Check with Spivey, Anna Hicks-Jaco is joined by three experienced law school financial aid professionals: Dalmarie Lawrence, Director of Financial Aid at the University of the District of Columbia School of Law; Montré Everett, Director of Financial Aid at UC Davis School of Law; and Matt Wakeman, Assistant Dean of Financial Aid at the University of Virginia School of Law.
Together, they discuss how the student loan changes included in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act are affecting current and prospective law students, particularly following the elimination of Grad PLUS loans and the introduction of new federal borrowing limits.
The group explains what has changed for incoming law students, how part-time students may be affected, and why simply lowering law school tuition may be more complicated than it sounds. They also discuss how law schools are responding through scholarships, institutional aid, tuition freezes, loan repayment assistance programs, and other resources designed to help students manage the cost of attendance.
The conversation also covers how applicants can use ABA 509 reports to evaluate scholarship opportunities and identify financial safety schools, what students should know about private student loans, and how credit history and cosigners may affect their ability to borrow. The guests also explain why private loans may sometimes offer lower interest rates than federal loans, while emphasizing the risks they may create for students pursuing public service careers and Public Service Loan Forgiveness.
Additional topics include financial aid considerations for veterans and military dependents, the impact of the new rules on transfer and dual-degree students, the importance of borrowing only what is necessary, and practical strategies for reducing law school expenses through scholarships, budgeting, and early communication with financial aid offices.
You can listen and subscribe to Status Check with Spivey on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, and YouTube. You can read a full transcript of this episode with timestamps below.